Alfred

Table of Contents

Introduction & Top Questions References & Edit History Quick Facts & Related Topics

Images

For Students

Alfred summary

Alfred

Q: What were Alfred’s military achievements?

Alfred spent much of his reign defending his kingdom of Wessex from Danish invaders. He won a great victory at the Battle of Edington in 878 but continued to struggle with Danish advances until 896, when the invasions ceased. His success in quelling the attacks was largely due to his superlative defensive strategy. Learn more.

Q: What was Alfred like as a governor of his kingdom?

Alfred administered Wessex well and was a studious lawgiver. He promulgated an important code of laws after studying the principles of lawgiving from previous Anglo-Saxon law codes and from the Book of Exodus . His laws gave special attention to the protection of the weak. Learn more.

Q: What was the importance of literacy and learning to Alfred’s rule?

Alfred considered learning and literacy to be crucial for the acquisition of wisdom and therefore necessary for men to live in accordance with God’s will. During his reign he insisted that freedmen of adequate means learn to read English, and he himself translated Latin texts into the vernacular for the benefit of his people. Learn more.

king of Wessex

Also known as: Aelfred, Alfred the Great

Written by Dorothy Whitelock

Fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Last Updated: Mar 15, 2024 • Article History

Alfred

See all media

Category: History & Society

Also spelled:: Aelfred

Byname:: Alfred the Great

Born:: 849

Died:: 899 (aged 50)

Title / Office:: king (871-899), Wessex

Notable Family Members:: father Aethelwulf; daughter Aethelflaed; son Edward; brother Aethelred I; brother Aethelberht; brother Aethelbald

Role In:: Battle of Edington

See all related content →

Recent News

Mar. 13, 2024, 1:30 AM ET (BBC)

Hever Castle: Popular daffodils bloom for 120th year

What were Alfred’s military achievements?

What was Alfred like as a governor of his kingdom?

What was the importance of literacy and learning to Alfred’s rule?

Alfred (born 849—died 899) was the king of Wessex (871–899), a Saxon kingdom in southwestern England. He prevented England from falling to the Danes and promoted learning and literacy. Compilation of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle began during his reign, circa 890. When he was born, it must have seemed unlikely that Alfred would become king, since he had four older brothers; he said that he never desired royal power. Perhaps a scholar’s life would have contented him. His mother early aroused his interest in English poetry, and from his boyhood he also hankered after Latin learning, possibly stimulated by visits to ...(100 of 1361 words)

Access the full article

Help support true facts by becoming a member.