Claudia Pechstein

Claudia Pechstein (born February 22, 1972, East Berlin, East Germany) German speed skater whose nine Olympic medals (five gold, two silver, and two bronze) made her one of the sport’s most decorated Olympians.

(Read Scott Hamilton’s Britannica essay on "Training for Olympic Gold.")

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Pechstein began figure skating at age 3 and switched to speed skating at age 9. She first came on the international scene at age 16, when she finished second overall in the 1988 world junior speed-skating championships in Seoul, South Korea. In 1992 she went to her first Winter Olympic Games, in Albertville, France, where she won a bronze medal in the 5,000-metre event. She won her first Olympic gold two years later, triumphing in the 5,000-metre race in Lillehammer, Norway, where she also won her second bronze, for the 3,000-metre event.

At the 1998 Winter Games in Nagano, Japan, Pechstein repeated her gold medal performance in the 5,000 metres and took silver in the 3,000 metres. It was in Nagano that she emerged from under the shadow of her teammate Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann, whom she beat for the gold by 0.04 sec in the closest women’s 5,000 metres in Olympic history. In 2000 Pechstein won the overall world speed-skating championship. She finished second to another teammate, Anni Friesinger, in 2001 and third behind Friesinger and Canadian Cindy Klassen in 2002.

During the 2002 Winter Games in Salt Lake City, Utah, Pechstein—skating in finals that were 13 days apart—took the gold medal in the 3,000-metre and 5,000-metre races, winning both with world record performances. She thus raised her career total to four golds among seven Olympic medals. By capturing the 5,000-metre Olympic gold for the third time in succession, Pechstein also became the second skater in history (after American Bonnie Blair) to make a successful defense of an Olympic title twice. Her victory in Salt Lake City marked the second time that she beat the 4-minute barrier and was the fifth world record performance of her career.

At the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy, Pechstein took a silver medal in the 5,000 metres and a gold medal in team pursuit. With those wins, her eighth and ninth, she surpassed the record held by former Olympians Karin Enke and Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann for most medals won by a speed skater in the Winter Olympics; Pechstein’s record was surpassed by Ireen Wüst of the Netherlands in 2018. In 2009 Pechstein received a two-year ban for blood doping. Her various appeals were unsuccessful, and she did not return to competition until 2011. At that year’s world championships, she won bronze medals in the 5,000 metres and the team pursuit. Pechstein later competed at the 2014 Games in Sochi, Russia, and at the 2018 Olympics in P’yǒngch’ang, South Korea, but failed to win a medal.