Greer Garson

Greer Garson (born September 29, 1904, Manor Park, London, Eng.—died April 6, 1996, Dallas, Texas, U.S.) motion-picture actress whose classic beauty and screen persona of elegance, poise, and maternal virtue made her one of the most popular and admired Hollywood stars of the World War II era.

Garson often claimed to have been born in County Down, Ireland, where her grandparents lived and which she happily visited as a child, but she was, in fact, born and raised in London. Although she would have liked to have studied acting, Garson won a scholarship to the University of London and her practical-minded family encouraged her to pursue a teaching career. After graduating with honours, Garson worked briefly for Encyclopædia Britannica and a London advertising firm but continually tried to get her foot into a backstage door. In 1932 she made her debut with the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, playing a middle-aged schoolteacher in Elmer Rice’s Street Scene. Later that year she toured in George Bernard Shaw’s Too True to Be Good, billing herself as Greer (a maternal family name) for the first time. Garson soon established herself as a popular ingenue and leading lady in London’s West End. In 1938 Louis B. Mayer, head of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), caught her performance in Old Music and signed her to a contract with his studio.

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After suffering through a discouraging first year in Hollywood, Garson returned to England to film the small role of Mrs. Chips in MGM’s Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1939). Her portrayal of the beloved schoolteacher’s charming wife endeared her to the American public and set her career in motion. It was the first in a series of roles in which Garson would play women of great loyalty, refinement, and wifely or motherly strength. Garson’s other significant films of the period include Pride and Prejudice (1940), Blossoms in the Dust (1941, the first time she was teamed with her frequent costar Walter Pidgeon), Random Harvest (1942), and Madame Curie (1943), but the film that cemented her reputation and image was Mrs. Miniver (1942). Filmed during World War II and tailor-made for the times, Mrs. Miniver extolled the strength and spirit of the British home front and was one of the year’s biggest hits. Garson’s grace-under-pressure portrayal of a courageous wife and mother, the personification of British fortitude, not only won her an Academy Award but was credited with bolstering American support for the war.

Following the war Garson’s career faltered. The public rejected her attempts to reforge her image to that of a more fun-loving, less noble heroine in such films as Adventure (1946) and Julia Misbehaves (1948). During the 1950s she appeared in several unexceptional films and television dramas and starred on Broadway as Auntie Mame. Her remarkably convincing portrayal of Eleanor Roosevelt in Sunrise at Campobello (1960) was widely praised and earned her a seventh Oscar nomination, but Garson performed only occasionally thereafter, devoting most of her time to philanthropic causes, including the endowment of scholarships for theatre students at Southern Methodist University in Dallas and the construction of a campus theatre.