Kinoshita Keisuke

Kinoshita Keisuke (born Dec. 5, 1912, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka prefecture, Japan—died Dec. 30, 1998, Tokyo) was one of Japan’s most popular motion-picture directors, known for satirical social comedies.

A motion-picture enthusiast from boyhood, Kinoshita attended Hamamatsu Technology School and Oriental Photography School. He became an assistant cameraman at the Shochiku Motion Picture Company in 1933, studied scenario writing, and in 1936 became an assistant director. Hanasaku minato (1943; The Blossoming Port), his first independently directed film, was a major success. Three years later, Osone-ke no asa (1946; A Morning with the Osone Family) established his reputation as one of the most talented postwar directors. In two of his most popular films, Karumen kokyō ni kaeru (1951; Carmen Comes Home), the first Japanese colour film, and Karumen junjōsu (1952; Carmen’s Pure Love), he made use of a comic figure to satirize social stratification.

Each of Kinoshita’s feature films is considered a masterpiece of technical craftsmanship. Nihon no higeki (1953; A Japanese Tragedy), a film examining the weakened Japanese family structure, is skillfully constructed by crosscutting between stories and by the effective incorporation of flashbacks. Narayama-bushi kō (1958; Ballad of Narayama) is praised for the technical excellence with which Kinoshita used colour and the wide screen within the traditional structure of the period film.

Nijushi no hitomi (1954; Twenty-four Eyes) brought Kinoshita international recognition, as did Nogiku no botoko kimi nariki (1955; She Was like a Wild Chrysanthemum). Later films include Kono ko wo nokoshite (1983; The Children of Nagasaki), Yorokobi mo kanashima mo ikutoshitsuki (1986; Times of Joy and Sorrow), and Chi Chi (1988; Father).