Yang Yang

Yang Yang (born August 24, 1976, Qitaihe, Heilongjiang province, China) renowned Chinese short-track speed skater who at the 2002 Winter Olympic Games in Salt Lake City, Utah, won China’s first-ever Winter Olympic gold medals and was the first short-track speed skater from any country to win multiple gold medals at one Winter Games.

Yang, born in northeastern China near the Russian border, began skating in 1984, and by age 13 she had reached the finals of an International Skating Union test competition. Yang qualified for the Chinese short-track team in 1995, but she overtrained for the 1996 world championships and achieved only mediocre results. By the next season she had perfected her training, and at the 1997 world championships she split an overall win with two-time world champion Chun Lee-Kyung of South Korea. In doing so she became China’s first short-track world champion.

Britannica Quiz

Sports Quiz

To distinguish her from a similarly named teammate with whom she often shared the medalists’ podium, the letter A (for her birth month of August) was often appended to Yang’s name; her teammate, born in September, was called Yang Yang (S). The written distinction between Yang Yangs (A) and (S) was for the benefit of non-Chinese speakers; their names are pronounced differently in Chinese.

Yang had a mixed showing at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan, where she failed to win any individual medals. She was strong in early heats and, in fact, set a world record (1 min 31.991 sec) in the 1,000-metre quarterfinal. In the 1,000-metre final, she again met Chun, the defending Olympic champion, whom she led for most of the race. The two tangled arms at the finish, however, and Chun kicked forward to just nose out Yang before falling to the ice. Compounding the loss, the judges then disqualified Yang for interference. The only medal Yang took home from Nagano was a silver for the 3,000-metre relay. She blamed poor mental preparation for the results. Later in 1998, however, Yang won her second world championship—this one hers alone—and she thereafter dominated the World Cup circuit and the world championships.

Yang Yang confirmed her dominance in 2001 by winning her fifth consecutive world championship overall title. During three days of competition in Chŏnju (Jeonju), South Korea, Yang reached the finals of all five women’s events, taking gold in the 1,000-, 1,500-, and 3,000-metre individual races and the 3,000-metre relay and silver in the 500-metre race. Her decisive win came as little surprise. After a season in which she had reached the finals in 14 of the 17 events she competed in and had tallied eight individual wins, she entered the world championships as the top-ranked woman on the World Cup circuit.

After the 2001 win, her hopes settled on the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, where she promised to be a strong contender to capture China’s first-ever winter gold. She not only fulfilled that promise but won two golds, in the 500- and 1,000-metre individual events, and shared the silver in the relay.

Her run of overall world championship titles proved to be over, however. Yang placed second overall in the 2003 world championship, although she took first in the 500-metre; in 2005 she again came in first in the 500-metre but placed fifth overall. She made her final Olympic appearance at the 2006 Games in Turin, Italy. After Yang failed to reach the final in the 1,500-metre individual race and her team was disqualified in the 3,000-metre relay final, it began to look as though she would leave Turin without any medals. She took the bronze, however, after the disqualification of South Korea’s Choi Eun-Kyung in the 1,000-metre final. Yang announced her retirement from skating shortly after her last trip to the winners’ podium.