Adobe Systems Incorporated

Adobe Inc. | History, Products, & Facts

Adobe Inc., American developer of printing, publishing, and graphics software. Adobe was instrumental in the creation of the desktop publishing industry through the introduction of its PostScript printer language. Its headquarters are located in San Jose, California. The company was founded in 1982

Adobe Inc., American developer of printing, publishing, and graphics software. Adobe was instrumental in the creation of the desktop publishing industry through the introduction of its PostScript printer language. Its headquarters are located in San Jose, California.

Adobe Inc.

Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | American Semiconductor Company

Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD), global company that specializes in manufacturing semiconductor devices used in computer processing. The company also produces flash memories, graphics processors, motherboard chip sets, and a variety of components used in consumer electronics goods. The company

Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), global company that specializes in manufacturing semiconductor devices used in computer processing. The company also produces flash memories, graphics processors, motherboard chip sets, and a variety of components used in consumer electronics goods.

Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.

Agfa-Gevaert NV | Photography, Imaging, Printing

Agfa-Gevaert NV, Belgian corporate group established in 1964 in the merger of Agfa AG of Leverkusen, West Germany, and Gevaert Photo-Producten NV of Mortsel, Belgium. The merger established twin operating companies, one German (Agfa-Gevaert AG) and one Belgian (Gevaert-Agfa NV, which in 1971 became

Agfa-Gevaert NV

Apple Computer, Inc.

Apple Inc. | History, Products, Headquarters, & Facts

Apple Inc., American manufacturer of personal computers, smartphones, tablet computers, computer peripherals, and computer software and one of the most recognizable brands in the world. It was the first successful personal computer company and the popularizer of the graphical user interface.

American manufacturer of personal computers, smartphones, and tablet computers. It was the first successful personal computer company and the popularizer of the graphical user interface. Such products as the iPod, iPhone, iPad, and Apple Watch became hugely popular products in the 21st century.

Apple Inc.

Bing | Description & History

Bing, search engine launched in 2009 by the American software company Microsoft Corporation. Microsoft’s previous search engine, Live Search, from the time of its release in 2006 consistently trailed well behind those of Google Inc., the industry giant, and the Internet portal site of Yahoo! Inc.

Bing, Internet search engine launched by the American software company Microsoft in 2009. The search engine eventually became the second largest in the United States, but Google remained the dominant search engine, with Bing drawing only a few percent of the market.

Bing

Cisco Systems | History & Facts

Cisco Systems, American technology company, operating worldwide, that is best known for its computer networking products. As a company that sold its products mostly to other businesses, Cisco did not become a household name, but in the second decade of the 21st century it was one of the largest

Cisco Systems, American technology company best known for computer networking products.

Cisco Systems

Compaq Computer Corporation

Compaq | Definition, History, & Facts

Compaq, former American computer manufacturer that started as the first maker of IBM-compatible portable computers and quickly grew into the world’s best-selling personal computer brand during the late 1980s and ’90s. Compaq was acquired by the Hewlett-Packard Company in 2002. Compaq was founded in

Compaq, former American computer manufacturer that started as the first maker of IBM-compatible portable computers and quickly grew into the world’s best-selling PC brand during the late 1980s and ’90s. Compaq was acquired by the Hewlett-Packard Company in 2002.

Compaq

Dell Computer Corporation, PC’s Limited

Dell Inc. | History, Technology, & Facts

Dell Inc., global company that designs, develops, and manufactures personal computers (PCs) and a variety of computer-related products. The company is one of the world’s leading computer brands and suppliers of PCs. Dell is headquartered in Round Rock, Texas. The company, first named PC’s Limited,

Dell Inc., global company that designs, develops, and manufactures personal computers (PCs) and a variety of computer-related products. The company is one of the world’s leading suppliers of PCs. Dell is headquartered in Round Rock, Texas. Learn more about Dell in this article.

Dell Inc.

Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)

Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), American manufacturer that created a new line of low-cost computers, known as minicomputers, especially for use in laboratories and research institutions. Founded in 1957, the company employed more than 120,000 people worldwide at its peak in 1990 and earned

Digital Equipment Corporation

Kodak

Eastman Kodak Company | Photography, Film & Digital Imaging

Eastman Kodak Company, American manufacturer of film and photographic supplies and provider of digital imaging services and products. It is one of the historic brands in photographic history. Headquarters are in Rochester, New York. The company was incorporated in 1901 as the successor to a

Eastman Kodak Company

Fairchild Semiconductor | Definition, History, & Facts

Fairchild Semiconductor, former American electronics company that shares credit with Texas Instruments Incorporated for the invention of the integrated circuit. Founded in 1957 in Santa Clara, California, Fairchild was among the earliest firms to successfully manufacture transistors and integrated

Fairchild Semiconductor, former American electronics company that shares credit with Texas Instruments Incorporated for the invention of the integrated circuit. Founded in 1957, Fairchild was among the earliest firms to successfully manufacture transistors and integrated circuits.

Fairchild Semiconductor

Fujitsu Limited | Japanese Electronics Giant & IT Solutions Provider

Fujitsu Limited, Japanese electronics, computers, information technology, and telecommunications company, with over 500 subsidiaries and affiliates worldwide. Headquarters are in Tokyo. Fujitsu was established in 1935 when it broke away from Fuji Electric Company, a joint venture started in 1923 by

Fujitsu Limited

Hewlett-Packard Company | History & Facts

Hewlett-Packard Company, American manufacturer of software and computer services and a major brand in the history of computers and computer-related products. The company split in 2015 into two companies: HP Inc. and Hewlett Packard Enterprise. Headquarters were in Palo Alto, California. The company

garage where William Hewlett and David Packard began their company, HP

Hewlett-Packard Company, American manufacturer of software and computer services that was founded in 1939. The company split in 2015 into two companies: HP Incorporated and Hewlett Packard Enterprise. Headquarters were in Palo Alto, California.

Hewlett-Packard Company

Kabushiki Kaisha Hitachi Seisakusho

Hitachi, Ltd. | Japanese Conglomerate, Electronics & Technology

Hitachi, Ltd., highly diversified Japanese manufacturing corporation that comprises more than 1,000 subsidiaries, including 335 overseas corporations. Headquarters are in Tokyo. Hitachi’s story begins in 1910 with its founder, Odaira Namihei, operating an electrical repair shop at a copper mine

Hitachi, Ltd.

Honeywell International Inc. | American Conglomerate & Technology Solutions

Honeywell International Inc., American advanced-technology company that manufactures aerospace and automotive products; residential, commercial, and industrial control systems; specialty chemicals and plastics; and engineered materials. The present company was formed in 1999 through the merger of

Honeywell International Inc.

Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company, International Business Machines Corporation

IBM | Founding, History, & Products

IBM, leading American computer manufacturer, with a major share of the market both in the United States and abroad. Its headquarters are in Armonk, New York. It was incorporated in 1911 as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company in a consolidation of three smaller companies that made punch-card

IBM (International Business Machines Corporation), leading American computer manufacturer, headquartered in Armonk, New York, with a major share of the market both in the United States and abroad. Learn more about the founding, history, and products of the company in this article.

Intel Corporation

Intel | History, Products, & Facts

Intel, a leading American brand and manufacturer of semiconductor computer circuits. It is headquartered in Santa Clara, California. The company’s name comes from “integrated electronics.” Intel was founded in July 1968 by American engineers Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore. Unlike the archetypal

Intel, American manufacturer of semiconductor computer circuits. It is headquartered in Santa Clara, California, and the company dominated the global CPU market in the early 21st century. The company’s name comes from ‘integrated electronics.’ Learn more about Intel in this article.

Intel

Intuit Inc. | Definition & Facts

Intuit Inc., provider of financial, accounting, and tax-preparation software for individuals and small businesses. Intuit Inc. was founded in 1983 by American entrepreneurs Scott Cook and Tom Proulx. The company headquarters is in Mountain View, California The company’s first product was Quicken, a

Intuit Inc.

Microsoft Corporation | History, Products, & Facts

Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational technology company that has been a key player in the computer industry since its founding in 1975. Headquartered in Redmond, Washington, Microsoft initially gained dominance in the operating systems market during the 1980s and ’90s with MS-DOS and

Microsoft Corporation is a leading developer of computer software, operating systems, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence applications. The company also produces its own line of hybrid tablet computers, offers e-mail services, and sells electronic game systems and computer peripherals.

Microsoft Corporation

Galvin Manufacturing Corporation

Motorola, Inc. | American Tech Giant & Innovator

Motorola, Inc., American manufacturer and one of the historic brands of wireless communications and electronic systems. In 2011 it split into two companies: Motorola Mobility and Motorola Solutions. Its headquarters are located in Schaumburg, Illinois. The company was founded in 1928 in Chicago by

Motorola, Inc.

Global Information Solutions, National Cash Register Co.

NCR Corporation | Definition, History, & Facts

NCR Corporation, American manufacturer of cash registers and information-processing systems. Its headquarters are in Atlanta, Georgia. Although James Ritty invented the cash register in 1879, it was John H. Patterson (1844–1922) who, through aggressive marketing and innovative production and sales

NCR Corporation, American manufacturer of cash registers and information-processing systems. The company evolved in the 20th century, complementing its production of cash registers with the introduction of accounting machines in the 1920s, electronic products during World War II, and computer hardware in the 1960s.

NCR Corporation

Nippon Electric Company, Ltd.

NEC Corporation | Japanese Tech Giant & Electronics Leader

NEC Corporation, major Japanese multinational corporation, producer of telecommunications equipment and related software and services. Headquarters are in Tokyo. Nippon Electric Company, Ltd. (NEC; officially NEC Corporation in 1983), was founded in 1899 with funding from the Western Electric

NEC Corporation

Mosaic Communications Corp.

Netscape Communications Corp. | American Tech Company & Web Browser

Netscape Communications Corp. , American developer of Internet software with headquarters in Mountain View, California. The company was founded in April 1994 as Mosaic Communications Corp. by James H. Clark and Marc Andreessen. Clark had previously founded and been chairman of Silicon Graphics,

From left to right, Netscape officers Jim Barksdale, Marc Andreessen, and James Clark, 1995.

Netscape Communications Corp.

NVIDIA Corporation | History, GPUs, & Artificial Intelligence

NVIDIA Corporation (NVDA) is an American semiconductor company and a leading global manufacturer of high-end graphics processing units (GPUs). Based in Santa Clara, California, NVIDIA holds approximately 80% of the global market share in GPU semiconductor chips as of 2023. Unlike general-purpose

NVIDIA Corporation manufactures graphics processors, mobile technologies, and desktop computers. NVIDIA is known for developing integrated circuits, which are used in everything from electronic game consoles to personal computers. NVIDIA is a key player in the AI industry.

NVIDIA Corporation

Ing. C. Olivetti & C. SpA

Olivetti & C. SpA | Italian typewriter, computers, Adriano Olivetti

Olivetti & C. SpA, Italian multinational firm that manufactures office equipment and information systems. Headquarters are in Ivrea, Italy. Founded by Camillo Olivetti (1868–1943), an electrical engineer, the company began making typewriters in 1908. In 1925 Olivetti dispatched his son Adriano

Olivetti &amp; C. SpA

Oracle Systems Corporation, Relational Software Inc., Software Development Laboratories

Oracle Corporation | Definition, History, & Facts

Oracle Corporation, global corporation and brand that develops and markets computer software applications for business. The company is best known for its Oracle database software, a relational database management system, and for computer systems and software, such as Solaris and Java, acquired in

Oracle Corporation, global corporation that develops and markets computer software applications for business.

Oracle Corporation

Salesforce.com | Cloud Computing, CRM, Software

Salesforce.com, provider of customer relationship management (CRM) on-demand services deployed through the Internet. Salesforce.com was founded in 1999 by American entrepreneur Marc Benioff as an alternative to the traditional business practice of purchasing and maintaining extensive computer

Salesforce.com

Samsung | History & Facts

Samsung, South Korean company that is one of the world’s largest producers of electronic devices. Samsung specializes in the production of a wide variety of consumer and industry electronics, including appliances, digital media devices, semiconductors, memory chips, and integrated systems. It has

Samsung, South Korean company that is one of the world’s largest producers of electronic devices. Samsung specializes in the production of a wide variety of consumer and industry electronics, including appliances, digital media devices, semiconductors, memory chips, and integrated systems.

Samsung

Silicon Graphics, Inc.

SGI | Definition, History, & Facts

SGI, former American manufacturer of high-performance computer workstations, supercomputers, and advanced graphics software with headquarters in Mountain View, California. Silicon Graphics, Inc., was founded in 1982 by James Clark, an electrical engineering professor at Stanford University who had

SGI, former American manufacturer of high-performance computer workstations, supercomputers, and advanced graphics software with headquarters in Mountain View, California. Silicon Graphics, Inc., was founded in 1982 by Stanford professor James Clark.

Sony Corporation, Sony KK, Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo, Totsuko

Sony | History, Products, & Facts

Sony, major Japanese manufacturer of consumer electronics products whose diverse activities have included films, music, and financial services, among other ventures. It has been one of the most successful and multifaceted brands in marketing history. The company was incorporated by Ibuka Masaru and

Sony, major Japanese manufacturer of consumer electronics products.

Sony

Sun Microsystems, Inc. | American Tech Company, Computer Systems & Software

Sun Microsystems, Inc., former American manufacturer of computer workstations, servers, and software. In 2010 the company was purchased by Oracle Corporation, a leading provider of database management systems. Andreas Bechtolsheim, William Joy, Vinod Khosla, and Scott McNealy founded Sun

Sun Microsystems, Inc.

GSI, Geophysical Service Inc., TI

Texas Instruments Incorporated (TI)

Texas Instruments Incorporated (TI), American manufacturer of calculators, microprocessors, and digital signal processors with its headquarters in Dallas, Texas. The direct antecedent to the company was founded May 16, 1930, by John Clarence (“Doc”) Karcher and Eugene McDermott to provide

Texas Instruments Incorporated

The Signal Companies, Inc. | Telecommunications, Networking, Security

The Signal Companies, Inc., former American conglomerate corporation engaged mostly in automotive and aerospace engineering, energy development, and environmental improvement. It became part of AlliedSignal in 1985. The company was incorporated in 1928 as the Signal Oil and Gas Company to continue

The Signal Companies, Inc.

Tōkyō Shibaura Denki KK, Tokyo Shibaura Electric Company, Ltd.

Toshiba Corporation | History, Products, Headquarters, & Facts

Toshiba Corporation, major Japanese brand and manufacturer of computers and electronic devices for consumers and industry. Headquarters are in Tokyo. The company was incorporated in 1939 as Tokyo Shibaura Electric Company, Ltd. (Japanese: Tōkyō Shibaura Denki KK), in the merger of Shibaura

Toshiba Corporation, major Japanese manufacturer of computers and electronic devices for consumers and industry. Headquarters are in Tokyo. The company was incorporated in 1939 as Tokyo Shibaura Electric Company, Ltd., in the merger of Shibaura Engineering Works, Ltd., and Tokyo Electric Company, Ltd.

Toshiba Corporation

Unisys Corporation | IT services, software & consulting

Unisys Corporation, American technology consulting company that originated as a manufacturer of computer systems. The company was formed in 1986 from the merger of the Sperry Corporation and the Burroughs Corporation. The Sperry Corporation arose out of the merger of North American Aviation

Unisys Corporation

Haloid Company, Haloid Xerox Company, Xerox Corporation

Xerox | History, Products, & Facts

Xerox, major American corporation and brand that was a pioneer in office technology, notably being the first to manufacture xerographic plain-paper copiers. Headquarters are in Norwalk, Connecticut. The company was founded in 1906 as the Haloid Company, a manufacturer and distributor of

Xerox, major American corporation that was a pioneer of office technology, notably being the first to manufacture xerographic plain-paper copiers. Headquarters are in Norwalk, Connecticut. Learn more about the corporation’s history, innovations, and products.

Xerox

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Communication services, added in 2018, includes traditional and social media, web platforms, video game makers, and telecom providers. Companies include AT&T, Netflix, Facebook parent Meta, and Google parent Alphabet.

Communication Services

Discretionary companies - autos, travel and entertainment companies, apparel makers, and e-commerce - tend to rise and fall with the consumer economy. Companies include Ford, Nike, Disney, McDonald’s, and Amazon.

Consumer Discretionary

Staples are everyday products such as toothpaste, detergent, food and beverages, groceries, and beauty supplies. Companies include Costco, Walmart, Coca-Cola, and Procter & Gamble.

Consumer Staples

The energy sector, which includes oil and gas producers, pipeline builders, and refineries, tends to follow commodities. Companies include ExxonMobil, Halliburton, Chevron, Occidental, and ConocoPhillips.

Information Technology

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