Waltham

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Geography & Travel

Waltham

Massachusetts, United States

Written and fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Last Updated: Mar 17, 2024 • Article History

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Waltham, city, Middlesex county, eastern Massachusetts, U.S., on the Charles River, just west of Boston. Settled in the 1630s, it was part of Watertown until separately incorporated in 1738. Abundant waterpower attracted early gristmills and paper mills. In 1813 the first textile mill for processing raw cotton into finished cloth under one roof was established there. Industrialization followed, and the American Waltham Watch Company (founded 1854) became the nation’s first mass-producer of watches. Until the mid-20th century, it was one of the world’s largest and played an important role in the city’s progress. Services now account for the largest share ...(100 of 226 words)

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