Gymnosperm - Conifers, Cycads, Gnetophytes

gymnosperm

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It is generally conceded that from the pteridosperms arose members of the division Cycadophyta. The first cycads appeared in the Permian Period (298.9 million to 252.2 million years ago), although fragmentary fossils of older age suggest that cycads were present during the preceding Carboniferous Period. Some of these presumed cycads differ from extant members in that megasporophylls were undivided, unlike those of Cycas, considered to be primitive among cycads, in which the distal portion of the megasporophyll may be pinnately divided. Other Permian megasporophylls, from China, are more like those of Cycas. Cycad remains, especially leaves, are abundant in Mesozoic ...(100 of 3601 words)

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