Home Games & Quizzes History & Society Science & Tech Biographies Animals & Nature Geography & Travel Arts & Culture Money Videos
doping
Directory
References
Quizzes
Glass Medicine Vials and Syringe on black background
Doping in Sports
Encyclopaedia Britannica thistle graphic to be used with a Mendel/Consumer quiz in place of a photograph.
44 Questions from Britannica’s Most Popular Health and Medicine Quizzes
Discover
Solar eclipse of the sun.
The Sun Was Eaten: 6 Ways Cultures Have Explained Eclipses
Pluto. The Changing Faces of Pluto. Most detailed view to date of the entire surface of the dwarf planet Pluto, as constructed from multiple NASA Hubble Space Telescope photographs taken from 2002 to 2003.
10 Important Dates in Pluto History
Solar Eclipse, Eclipse, Solar Flare, Outer Space, Astronomy
What Causes Lunar and Solar Eclipses?
African Americans demonstrating for voting rights in front of the White House as police and others watch, March 12, 1965. One sign reads, "We demand the right to vote everywhere." Voting Rights Act, civil rights.
Timeline of the American Civil Rights Movement
A Factory Interior, watercolor, pen and gray ink, graphite, and white goache on wove paper by unknown artist, c. 1871-91; in the Yale Center for British Art. Industrial Revolution England
Inventors and Inventions of the Industrial Revolution
Periodical Cicada, Adult, Magicicada spp. Requires 17 years to complete development. Nymph splits its skin, and transforms into an adult. Feeds on sap of tree roots. Northern Illinois Brood. This brood is the largest emergence of cicadas anywhere
Why Do Some Cicadas Appear Only Every 17 Years?
Young men throw balloons and glitter from above the mosque at the celebration Eid Al-Fitr after prayers playing with balloons outside of Al-seddeeq mosque, Al-Mansourah, Egypt. 17 July 2015.
Eid al-Fitr

doping

drug abuse

Learn about this topic in these articles:

Assorted References

  • anabolic steroids
    • In anabolic steroid

      Anabolic steroids are commonly abused by human athletes to build muscle and improve strength. The drugs are also used in livestock to augment muscle mass, and they are sometimes given to racehorses to increase stamina and heighten performance. The use of anabolic steroids is either forbidden or closely controlled…

      Read More
  • football
    • football (soccer) player
      In football: International organization

      The use of performance-enhancing drugs by teams and individual players had been suspected since at least the 1930s; FIFA introduced drug tests in 1966, and occasionally drug users were uncovered, such as Willie Johnston of Scotland at the 1978 World Cup finals. But FIFA regulations were tightened in…

      Read More
  • horse racing
    • Two Thousand Guineas, 2012
      In horse racing: The state of racing

      …use of anti-inflammatory and coagulant drugs on horses. Various racing bodies limited or forbade the use of such drugs; others did not. Over-racing, particularly in the United States, encouraged their use, and both legal and illegal drug use may explain the higher death rate among American racehorses. (The U.S. Jockey…

      Read More
  • sports
    • Argentina celebrating its 2022 World Cup victory
      In sports: Human performance and the use of drugs

      …human growth hormones, and blood doping (the extraction and later infusion of an athlete’s own blood). In addition, there is no hard-and-fast distinction between different categories of drugs; some drugs, such as beta-blockers, fall into both the restorative and performance-enhancing categories.

      Read More

cycling

  • Miguel Indurain
    In cycling: Doping

    The use of performance-enhancing drugs is considered to be widespread in cycling, especially after the scandal that shook the Tour de France in 1998 and resulted in the expulsion of one of the leading teams (the Festina team). To circumvent the medications prohibited by…

    Read More
  • Armstrong
    • Lance Armstrong
      In Lance Armstrong: Cancer and comeback

      …Tour he fought allegations of doping, because traces of a banned substance—corticosteroid, from a prescription skin cream he used for saddle sores—were found in his urine. The International Cycling Union (Union Cycliste Internationale; UCI) cleared him, but he continued to endure accusations of doping, especially from the French press. Thus,…

      Read More
  • Tour de France
    • Miguel Indurain
      In Tour de France

      Amid frequent drug testing, doping scandals have threatened to overshadow the race itself. In 1998 one of the leading teams (Festina) was expelled due to allegations of drug use, and the 2006 winner, American Floyd Landis, tested positive for testosterone and was stripped of his title after an arbitration…

      Read More

Olympic Games

  • ancient Olympic Games
    In Olympic Games: Doping and drug testing

    At the 1960 Rome Olympics, a Danish cyclist collapsed and died after his coach had given him amphetamines. Formal drug tests seemed necessary and were instituted at the 1968 Winter Games in Grenoble, France. There only one athlete was disqualified for…

    Read More
  • Athens 2004 Olympic Games
    • 2004 Olympic Games: synchronized swimming
      In Athens 2004 Olympic Games

      …after they failed tests for performance-enhancing-drug use, and controversies over scoring in gymnastics and fencing made headlines. Nevertheless, most of the 17-day event went smoothly, and the 35 competition venues were deemed excellent. The world press raved about the success of the Games as it apologized to Greece for its…

      Read More
  • Seoul 1988 Olympic Games
    • Florence Griffith Joyner
      In Seoul 1988 Olympic Games

      …from the Games for using performance-enhancing drugs. In the track events the Kenyan men’s team won four of the six distance races. Soviet pole-vaulter Sergey Bubka won his first gold medal. The women’s competition featured Americans Florence Griffith Joyner, winner of three gold medals, and Jackie Joyner-Kersee, who

      Read More