Mental disorder - Anxiety, Panic, Phobias

mental disorder

Table of Contents

Introduction
Types and causes of mental disorders
- Classification and epidemiology
  - Classification
    - Psychoses
    - Neuroses
  - Epidemiology
- Theories of causation
  - Organic and hereditary etiologies
    - Genetics
    - Biochemistry
    - Neuropathology
  - Psychodynamic etiologies
    - Theories of personality development
    - Non-Freudian psychodynamics
  - Behavioral etiology
- Major diagnostic categories
  - Organic mental disorders
    - Senile and presenile dementia
    - Other organic syndromes
  - Substance use disorders
  - Schizophrenia
    - Clinical features
    - Course and prognosis
    - Etiology
    - Treatment
  - Mood disorders
    - Major mood disorders
    - Other mood disorders
  - Anxiety disorders
  - Somatoform disorders
    - Somatization disorder
    - Conversion disorder
    - Hypochondriasis
    - Psychogenic pain disorder
  - Dissociative disorders
    - Dissociative amnesia
    - Dissociative identity disorder
    - Depersonalization
  - Eating disorders
  - Personality disorders
    - Paranoid personality disorder
    - Schizoid personality disorder
    - Schizotypal personality disorder
    - Antisocial personality disorder
    - Borderline personality disorder
    - Histrionic personality disorder
    - Narcissistic personality disorder
    - Avoidant personality disorder
    - Dependent personality disorder
    - Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
  - Gender dysphoria
  - Paraphilic disorders
  - Disorders usually first evident in infancy, childhood, or adolescence
    - Attention-deficit disorders
    - Conduct disorders
    - Anxiety disorders
    - Eating disorders
    - Other childhood disorders
  - Other mental disorders
    - Factitious disorders
    - Impulse-control disorders
    - Adjustment disorders
Treatment of mental disorders
- Historical overview
  - Early history
  - The mental hospital era
  - The biological movement
  - Development of psychotherapy
  - Development of physical and pharmacological treatments
  - Deinstitutionalization
  - Development of behavior therapy
  - Further developments in the mental health profession
- Physiological treatments
  - Pharmacological treatments
    - Antipsychotic agents
    - Antianxiety agents
    - Antidepressant agents
    - Mood-stabilizing drugs
  - Electroconvulsive treatment
  - Psychosurgery
- The psychotherapies
  - Psychotherapeutic approaches
  - Dynamic psychotherapies
    - Psychoanalytic psychotherapy
    - Individual dynamic psychotherapy
    - Brief focal psychotherapy
    - Humanistic and existential psychotherapies
    - Behavioral psychotherapy
    - Cognitive psychotherapy
    - Interpersonal psychotherapy
    - Group psychotherapy
    - Family therapy

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Anxiety has been defined as a feeling of fear, dread, or apprehension that arises without a clear or appropriate justification. It thus differs from true fear, which is experienced in response to an actual threat or danger. Anxiety may arise in response to apparently innocuous situations or may be out of proportion to the actual degree of the external stress. Anxiety also frequently arises as a result of subjective emotional conflicts of whose nature the affected person may be unaware. Generally, intense, persistent, or chronic anxiety that is not justified in response to real-life stresses and that interferes with the ...(100 of 23131 words)

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