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(Top) Volume under compression, (centre) section of wire under tension, (bottom) metal tube under torsion stress-strain curves Figure 5: (A) Extensional strain and (B) simple shear strain, where the element drawn with dashed lines represents the reference configuration, and the element drawn with solid lines represents the deformed configuration. Figure 6: Relations of strains to gradients of displacement (see text).
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Also known as: internal deformation
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(Top) Volume under compression, (centre) section of wire under tension, (bottom) metal tube under torsion
strain
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strain, in physical sciences and engineering, number that describes relative deformation or change in shape and size of elastic, plastic, and fluid materials under applied forces. The deformation, expressed by strain, arises throughout the material as the particles (molecules, atoms, ions) of which the material is composed are slightly displaced from their normal position. Strains may be divided into normal strains and shear strains on the basis of the forces that cause the deformation. A normal strain is caused by forces perpendicular to planes or cross-sectional areas of the material, such as in a volume that is under pressure on ...(100 of 361 words)

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