Apamea Cibotus summary

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Apamea Cibotus, City of Hellenistic Phrygia, near modern Dinar, Turkey. The city was built by Antiochus I (Soter) in the 3rd century bc on the Maeander (Menderes) River. Superseding the fortress city of Celaenae, it was placed in a commanding position on the great east-west trade route of the Seleucid dynasty. In the 2nd century bc Apamea passed to the rule of the Roman Republic and Empire and became an important centre for Italian and Jewish traders. Declining after the 3rd century ad, it was captured by Turkish invaders in 1070 and thereafter was destroyed by an earthquake.

Antiochus I Soter Summary

Antiochus I Soter was the king of the Seleucid kingdom of Syria, who ruled about 292–281 bc in the east and 281–261 over the whole kingdom. Under great external pressures, he consolidated his kingdom and encouraged the founding of cities. Antiochus was the son of Seleucus I, founder of the Seleucid

Seleucid empire Summary

Seleucid empire, (312–64 bce), an ancient empire that at its greatest extent stretched from Thrace in Europe to the border of India. It was carved out of the remains of Alexander the Great’s Macedonian empire by its founder, Seleucus I Nicator. (See also Hellenistic Age.) Seleucus, one of

Europe Summary

Europe, second smallest of the world’s continents, composed of the westward-projecting peninsulas of Eurasia (the great landmass that it shares with Asia) and occupying nearly one-fifteenth of the world’s total land area. It is bordered on the north by the Arctic Ocean, on the west by the Atlantic

Turkey Summary

Turkey, country that occupies a unique geographic position, lying partly in Asia and partly in Europe. Throughout its history it has acted as both a barrier and a bridge between the two continents. Turkey is situated at the crossroads of the Balkans, Caucasus, Middle East, and eastern