Newton’s laws of motion, Relations between the forces acting on a body and the motion of the body, formulated by Isaac Newton.
The laws describe only the motion of a body as a whole and are valid only for motions relative to a reference frame. Usually, the reference frame is the Earth.
The first law, also called the law of inertia, states that if a body is at rest or moving at constant speed in a straight line, it will continue to do so unless it is acted upon by a force.
The second law states that the force F acting on a body is equal to the mass m of the body times its acceleration a, or F = ma.
The third law, also called the action-reaction law, states that the actions of two bodies on each other are always equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
