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cardiovascular drug Article

cardiovascular drug summary

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Learn about the types and uses of cardiovascular drugs and their effects on the heart and blood vessels

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Below is the article summary. For the full article, see cardiovascular drug.

cardiovascular drug, Any agent that affects the function of the heart and blood vessels. Drugs that act on the cardiovascular system are among the most widely used in medicine. Cardiovascular drugs affect heart function in three main ways: by affecting the force of contraction of the heart muscle (inotropic effects); by affecting the frequency of the heartbeat, or heart rate (chronotropic effects); or by affecting the regularity of heartbeat (rhythmic effects). Drugs that act on blood vessels typically do so by altering the state of contraction of the smooth muscle in the vessel wall, which in turn alters vessel diameter and thereby regulates the volume of blood flow. Examples of disorders in which cardiovascular drugs may be useful include hypertension (high blood pressure), a form of chest pain known as angina pectoris, heart failure (inadequate output of heart muscle), and arrhythmias (disturbances of cardiac rhythm).