directing, Art of coordinating and controlling all elements in the staging of a play or making of a film. Until the late 19th century, a theatrical director was usually the play’s leading actor or the company’s actor-manager. Today’s stage director combines elements such as actors, decor, costumes, and lighting to shape an imaginative interpretation of the playwright’s script. The director must understand the art of acting and provide guidance for the actors. The director also composes the “stage pictures,” the shifting arrangements of the actors and other elements on the stage. The film director combines the theatrical director’s responsibilities with the technical functions of cinematography, editing, and sound recording. See also actor-manager system; auteur theory.
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