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mollusk
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Representative mollusks. Bivalves have a shell with two halves. Filter feeders, they take in food and water through a tubular siphon. In the clam, a muscular foot is used for burrowing and creeping. The chitons, typically found adhering to rocks and shells, have shells divided into eight overlapping plates. Tusk shells, or scaphopods, are burrowing mollusks with a shell open at both ends; with the larger end buried in the sand, they feed on microorganisms captured by the tentacles. The whelks, like most gastropods (univalves), have a single shell, which is usually coiled; when threatened, the body can be pulled into the shell, which is closed by a plate (operculum). Cephalopods have a well-developed head and a foot divided into numerous tentacles. The two long tentacles of the squid are used to capture prey, and the short arms transfer food to the mouth. The nautilus is the only cephalopod that has retained an exterior shell; by regulating the amount of gas and fluid in the interior chambers, it can regulate its buoyancy.
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The external cover that extends over the mantle may consist of a hardened epithelial layer called a cuticle, separate calcareous plates, or a shell. Another defense includes the ability of most solenogasters and chitons to roll the body up. Chitons, neopilinids, and limpets can adhere firmly to the substrate by a powerful suction pad foot. Protection is also afforded if the animal is able to withdraw into its shell; a snail has the added advantage of having a hardened plate (operculum) on the foot that blocks the shell opening (auricle) once the animal has withdrawn. Burrowing by caudofoveates, scaphopods, many ...(100 of 5138 words)

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