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Libya’s per capita income is among the highest in Africa. Oil revenues remain Libya’s main source of income. At the beginning of the 21st century, oil and natural gas together accounted for almost three-fourths of the national income and nearly all of the country’s export earnings, although they employed less than one-tenth of the labour force. Under Muammar al-Qaddafi (1969–2011), the government exerted strong control over the economy; the petroleum industry was nationalized in the 1970s, and state trade unions and industrial organizations ran most other industries and utilities. To reduce the country’s heavy dependence on oil, economic policy has ...(100 of 11801 words)