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This section surveys the history of the Kingdom of the Netherlands from its founding in 1579 to the present. For a discussion of the period prior to that date, see Low Countries, history of the. On January 23, 1579, the agreement at Utrecht was concluded, forming a “closer union” within the larger union of the Low Countries led by the States General sitting in Brussels. Included in the Union of Utrecht were the provinces and cities committed to carrying on resistance to Spanish rule: Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Gelderland (Guelders), and Zutphen (a part of Overijssel) as the first signatories, followed ...(100 of 24002 words)