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The protein E2F is a transcription factor that binds to DNA to stimulate the synthesis of proteins necessary for cell division. When E2F is bound to the RB protein, however, it cannot bind to DNA. Thus, when functioning normally, the RB protein prevents a cell from dividing by binding to E2F. When RB is absent or inactivated, that restraint is lost, and E2F is constantly available to trigger cell division. The p53 protein was discovered in 1979. It resides in the nucleus, where it regulates cell proliferation and cell death. In particular, it prevents cells with damaged DNA from dividing ...(100 of 21846 words)