The most notable change in the field of mathematics in the late 20th and early 21st centuries has been the growing recognition and acceptance of probabilistic methods in many branches of the subject, going well beyond their traditional uses in mathematical physics. At the same time, these methods have acquired new levels of rigour. The turning point is sometimes said to have been the award of a Fields Medal in 2006 to French mathematician Wendelin Werner, the first time the medal went to a probabilist, but the topic had acquired a central position well before then. As noted above, probability ...(100 of 41449 words)