Telephone - Network, Communication, Technology

telephone

Table of Contents

Introduction & Top Questions
The telephone instrument
- Working components of the telephone
  - Power source
  - Switch hook
  - Dialer
  - Ringer
  - Transmitter
  - Receiver
  - Anti-sidetone circuit
- Development of the telephone instrument
  - Early sound transmitters
  - Gray and Bell: the transmission of speech
    - The first devices
    - The search for a successful transmitter
  - Development of the modern instrument
- Cordless telephones
- Personal communication systems
The telephone network
- Switching
  - Switching systems
    - Manual switching
    - Electromechanical switching
    - Electronic switching
    - Digital switching
  - The switching network
- Signaling
  - Call-number dialing
    - Rotary dialing
    - Push-button dialing
  - Interoffice signaling
    - In-band signaling
    - Out-of-band signaling
- Transmission
  - Development of long-distance transmission
    - From single-wire to two-wire circuits
    - Problems of interference and attenuation
    - From analog to digital transmission
    - Coaxial cable
    - Microwave link
    - Optical-fibre cable
  - Overseas transmission
    - Terrestrial radio
    - Undersea cable
    - Satellite

References & Edit History Quick Facts & Related Topics

Images, Videos & Interactives

Alexander Graham Bell and the New York City–Chicago telephone link

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In order to understand the many concepts represented in the public switched telephone network (PSTN), it is helpful to review the processes that take place in the making of a single call on a traditional wired telephone. To make a call, a telephone subscriber begins by taking the telephone “off-hook”—in the process, signaling the local central office that service is requested. The central office, which has been monitoring the telephone line continuously (a process known as attending), responds with a dial tone. Upon receiving the dial tone, the customer enters the called party’s telephone number. The central office stores the ...(100 of 8665 words)

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