Architecture - Planning, Design, Construction

architecture

Table of Contents

Introduction
Use
- Architectural types
  - Domestic architecture
    - “Vernacular” architecture
    - “Power” architecture
    - Group housing
  - Religious architecture
    - Places of worship
    - Shrines and memoria
    - Funerary art
  - Governmental architecture
  - Recreational architecture
    - Theatres
    - Auditoriums
    - Athletic facilities
    - Museums and libraries
  - Architecture of welfare and education
  - Commercial and industrial architecture
- Architectural planning
  - Planning the environment
    - Orientation
    - Architectural forms
    - Colour
    - Materials and techniques
    - Interior control
  - Planning for use
    - Differentiation
    - Circulation
    - Facilitation
  - Economic planning
Techniques
- Materials
  - Stone
  - Brick
  - Wood
  - Iron and steel
  - Concrete
- Methods
  - Wall
    - Load-bearing wall
    - Nonbearing wall
  - Post-and-lintel
  - Arch
  - Vault
  - Dome
  - Truss
  - Framed structures
Expression
- Content
  - Symbols of function
  - Expression of technique
- Form
  - Space and mass
  - Composition
  - Scale
  - Light
  - Texture
  - Colour
  - Environment
- Ornament
  - Mimetic ornament
  - Applied ornament
  - Organic ornament
Theory of architecture
- Distinction between the history and theory of architecture
- Distinction between the theory of architecture and the theory of art
- Functionalism
- The art of building
- “Commodity, firmness, and delight”: the ultimate synthesis
  - Venustas
  - Utilitas
  - Firmitas

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The architect usually begins to work when the site and the type and cost of a building have been determined. The site involves the varying behaviour of the natural environment that must be adjusted to the unvarying physical needs of human beings; the type is the generalized form established by society that must be adjusted to the special use for which the building is required; the cost implies the economics of land, labour, and materials that must be adjusted to suit a particular sum. Thus, planning is the process of particularizing and, ultimately, of harmonizing the demands of environment, use, ...(100 of 24717 words)

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