Pottery - Pre-Columbian, Ceramics, Clay

pottery

Table of Contents

Introduction
Kinds, processes, and techniques
- Kinds of pottery
  - Earthenware
  - Stoneware
  - Porcelain
- Forming processes and techniques
  - Shaping the clay
  - Drying, turning, and firing
- Decorating processes and techniques
  - Impressing and stamping
  - Incising, sgraffito, carving, and piercing
  - Slip decorating
  - Burnishing and polishing
  - Decorative glazing
  - Painting
  - Transfer printing
- Marking
Western pottery
- Ancient Near East and Egypt
- Ancient Aegean and Greece
  - Bronze Age
    - Early Bronze Age (c. 3000–2000 bce)
    - Middle Bronze Age (c. 2000–1500 bce)
    - Late Bronze Age (c. 1580–1100 bce)
  - Early Iron Age
    - Geometric style
    - Period of Oriental influence (c. 725–c. 600 bce)
  - Attic black-figure and red-figure
    - Archaic period (c. 750–c. 480 bce)
    - Classical period (c. 480–c. 330 bce)
    - Hellenistic period (c. 330–c. 30 bce)
- Etruscan and Roman
  - Etruria
  - Roman Empire
- Islamic
  - Early Islamic
    - Umayyad
    - ʾAbbāsid
    - Sāmānid
  - Egyptian
  - Mesopotamia and Persia
    - 11th to 15th century
    - Later Persian
  - Syrian
  - Turkish
- European: to the end of the 18th century
  - Byzantium
  - Spain
    - Lustreware
    - Other tin-glazed ware
    - Porcelain
  - Italy
    - Majolica
    - Sgraffito wares
    - Porcelain
  - France and Belgium
    - Lead-glazed wares of the 16th century
    - Faience, or tin-glazed ware
    - Porcelain
  - Germany and Austria
    - Stoneware
    - Tin-glazed ware
    - Porcelain
  - The Netherlands
  - Britain
    - Tin-glazed ware
    - 17th-century slipware
    - Stoneware
    - 18th-century developments
    - Porcelain
  - Scandinavia
  - Switzerland and Russia
  - Colonial America
- 19th century
  - Britain
    - Porcelain
    - Stoneware and earthenware
  - The European continent
  - The United States
- 20th century
  - Pottery factories
  - The artist-potter
East Asian and Southeast Asian pottery
- China
  - Tang dynasty (618–907 ce)
  - Song dynasty (960–1279 ce)
  - Yuan dynasty (1206–1368)
  - Ming dynasty (1368–1644)
    - Reign of the Xuande emperor (1425–35)
    - Reign of the Chenghua emperor (1464–87)
    - Reigns of the Hongzhi and Zhengde emperors (1487–1521)
    - Reign of the Jiajing emperor (1521–1566/67)
    - Reigns of the Longqing and Wanli emperors (1567–1620)
    - Provincial and export wares
  - Qing dynasty (1644–1911/12)
    - Underglaze blue and red
    - Coloured glazes
    - Overglaze colours
    - European influence and the export trade
    - 19th and 20th centuries
- Korea
- Japan
  - Kamakura and Muromachi periods (1192–1573)
  - Azuchi-Momoyama period (1573–1600)
  - Edo period (1603–1867)
  - 19th and 20th centuries
- Thailand and Annam
American Indian pottery
- North America
- Central America
- South America

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Most South American pottery was made at centres in the Andes and on the west coast, particularly in Bolivia and Peru. Pottery of lesser importance comes from Ecuador, Colombia, northwest Argentina, and northern Chile. In some places a very high degree of skill was attained, especially in the central Andes, where the earliest wares seem to date from the end of the 2nd millennium bce. Much of the pottery was made in molds. The stirrup-shaped spout on many jars is a characteristic feature. The batik type of decoration already mentioned was also used. Vessels were modelled in the shape of ...(100 of 42409 words)

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