History of medicine - Insulin, Diabetes, Treatment

history of medicine

Table of Contents

Introduction
Medicine and surgery before 1800
- Early medicine and folklore
- The ancient Middle East and Egypt
- Traditional medicine and surgery in Asia
  - India
  - China
  - Japan
- The roots of Western medicine
  - Early Greece
  - Hippocrates
  - Hellenistic and Roman medicine
- Christian and Muslim reservoirs of learning
  - Translators and saints
  - Arabian medicine
- Medieval and Renaissance Europe
  - Salerno and the medical schools
  - The spread of new learning
- The Enlightenment
  - Harvey and the experimental method
  - The futile search for an easy system
  - Medicine in the 18th century
The rise of scientific medicine in the 19th century
- Physiology
- Verification of the germ theory
- Discoveries in clinical medicine and anesthesia
- Advances at the end of the century
Medicine in the 20th century
- Infectious diseases and chemotherapy
  - Ehrlich and arsphenamine
  - Sulfonamide drugs
  - Antibiotics
    - Penicillin
    - Antituberculous drugs
    - Other antibiotics
- Immunology
  - Antibacterial vaccination
    - Typhoid
    - Tetanus
    - Diphtheria
    - BCG vaccine for tuberculosis
  - Immunization against viral diseases
  - The immune response
- Endocrinology
  - Insulin
  - Cortisone
  - Sex hormones
- Vitamins
- Malignant disease
- Tropical medicine
Surgery in the 20th century
- The opening phase
  - The situation encountered
  - Changes before World War I
    - Abdominal surgery
    - Neurosurgery
    - Radiology
- World War I
- Between the World Wars
  - The problem of shock
  - Anesthesia and thoracic surgery
- World War II and after
  - Support from other technologies
  - Heart surgery
  - Organ transplantation

References & Edit History Related Topics

Images & Videos

Hear about the ancient Greek's holistic approach to medicine and how it can help us rethink on the relevant medical issues of today

Read Next

Artificial lung ventilation monitor in the intensive care unit. Nurse with medical equipment. Ventilation of the lungs with oxygen. COVID-19 and coronavirus identification. Pandemic.

How Does A Ventilator Work?

How Do Antacids Work?

7 Drugs that Changed the World

Blackboard inscribed with scientific formulas and calculations in physics and mathematics

The World Science Festival’s Pioneers in Science

People wearing surgical masks (also called face mask or medical masks or safety masks) walk through the city center of Milan, Italy on Feb. 23, 2020. Coronavirus disease COVID-19 pandemic

How Do Face Masks Control the Spread of Disease?

Discover

solar eclipse, sun, moon, astronomy, space

How Do You Tell the Difference Between Total, Annular, Solar, and Lunar Eclipses?

Eid al-Fitr

Albert Einstein in Washington, D.C. c. 1921-1923. Physicist

The Solar Eclipse That Made Albert Einstein a Science Celebrity

A Factory Interior, watercolor, pen and gray ink, graphite, and white goache on wove paper by unknown artist, c. 1871-91; in the Yale Center for British Art. Industrial Revolution England

Inventors and Inventions of the Industrial Revolution

Person paying with a credit card using a credit card terminal. Cashless payment, credit card reader

What Is a Cashless Society and How Does It Work?

Aphrodite. Greek mythology. Sculpture. Aphrodite is the Greek goddess of love and beauty.

12 Greek Gods and Goddesses

earthquake. Heavily damaged school in the town of Yingxiu after a major earthquake struck China's Sichuan Province on May 12, 2008.

The 6 Deadliest Earthquakes Since 1950

For more than 30 years, some of the greatest minds in physiology sought the cause of diabetes mellitus. In 1889 German physicians Joseph von Mering and Oskar Minkowski showed that removal of the pancreas in dogs produced the disease. In 1901 American pathologist Eugene Lindsay Opie described degenerative changes in the clumps of cells in the pancreas known as the islets of Langerhans, thus confirming the association between failure in the functioning of these cells and diabetes. Sharpey-Schafer concluded that the islets of Langerhans secrete a substance that controls the metabolism of carbohydrate. The outstanding event of the early years ...(100 of 21288 words)

Access the full article

Help support true facts by becoming a member.