History of medicine - Shock, Treatments, Prevention

history of medicine

Table of Contents

Introduction
Medicine and surgery before 1800
- Early medicine and folklore
- The ancient Middle East and Egypt
- Traditional medicine and surgery in Asia
  - India
  - China
  - Japan
- The roots of Western medicine
  - Early Greece
  - Hippocrates
  - Hellenistic and Roman medicine
- Christian and Muslim reservoirs of learning
  - Translators and saints
  - Arabian medicine
- Medieval and Renaissance Europe
  - Salerno and the medical schools
  - The spread of new learning
- The Enlightenment
  - Harvey and the experimental method
  - The futile search for an easy system
  - Medicine in the 18th century
The rise of scientific medicine in the 19th century
- Physiology
- Verification of the germ theory
- Discoveries in clinical medicine and anesthesia
- Advances at the end of the century
Medicine in the 20th century
- Infectious diseases and chemotherapy
  - Ehrlich and arsphenamine
  - Sulfonamide drugs
  - Antibiotics
    - Penicillin
    - Antituberculous drugs
    - Other antibiotics
- Immunology
  - Antibacterial vaccination
    - Typhoid
    - Tetanus
    - Diphtheria
    - BCG vaccine for tuberculosis
  - Immunization against viral diseases
  - The immune response
- Endocrinology
  - Insulin
  - Cortisone
  - Sex hormones
- Vitamins
- Malignant disease
- Tropical medicine
Surgery in the 20th century
- The opening phase
  - The situation encountered
  - Changes before World War I
    - Abdominal surgery
    - Neurosurgery
    - Radiology
- World War I
- Between the World Wars
  - The problem of shock
  - Anesthesia and thoracic surgery
- World War II and after
  - Support from other technologies
  - Heart surgery
  - Organ transplantation

References & Edit History Related Topics

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The first problem to be tackled was shock, which was, in brief, found to be due to a decrease in the effective volume of the circulation. To combat shock, the volume had to be restored, and the obvious substance was blood itself. In 1901 Karl Landsteiner, then in Austria, discovered the ABO blood groups, and in 1914 sodium citrate was added to freshly drawn blood to prevent clotting. Blood was occasionally transfused during World War I, but three-quarters of a pint was considered a large amount. These transfusions were given by directly linking the vein of a donor with that ...(100 of 21288 words)

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